Purchasing decision
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Purchasing decision-making refers to the process of selecting and implementing feasible procurement plan according to the satisfaction principle, according to the requirements of the enterprise's business goal, proposing various feasible procurement plans, evaluating and comparing the scheme.
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Purchasing Decision Overview / Purchasing Decision Edit
Procurement decision-making refers to the requirements of business objectives, put forward a variety of feasible procurement programs, evaluation and comparison of the program, in accordance with the principles of satisfaction, the viable options to choose and implement and implement the procurement program management process. Purchasing decision-making is an important content of enterprise management. The key question is how to formulate the best procurement plan, determine the reasonable quantity of goods purchase, and create the biggest economic benefit for the enterprise.
Purchasing Decision Features / Purchasing Decision Editing
Purchasing decision-making is an important part of enterprise decision-making, it has the following characteristics: (1) predictability. Refers to the future of the procurement work to make speculation, should be based on market forecasts based on. (2) the purpose of. The purpose of any procurement decision is to achieve a certain procurement objectives, such as lower procurement costs. (3) feasibility. Means that the choice of decision-making program should be feasible, otherwise it will lose the significance of decision-making. (4) Evaluation. Evaluation refers to the feasibility of a variety of options for evaluation and selection of satisfactory programs.
The role of purchasing decisions / Purchasing decision editing
Enterprises in the production and operation activities are faced with a large number of decision-making, decision-making is the manager to spend time and effort to one of the most work. Scientific decision-making can grasp the correct direction of business, profit and avoid disadvantages, weaknesses, for improving the survival and competitiveness of enterprises have a positive effect. Purchasing decision-making in addition to risk aversion, enhance the general role of vitality, but also can play the following important role. 1) Optimization of procurement activities Procurement activities on the production and operation of engineering, product cost and quality have a major impact, in order to ensure the realization of the objectives of the enterprise must promote the optimization of procurement activities, procurement, procurement channels, procurement process optimization, Improve the optimal allocation of procurement resources. 2) to achieve timely procurement In order to meet the needs of immediate production, should be implemented on time procurement, and reasonable purchasing decisions make timely purchasing possible. 3) to improve economic efficiency in the product specifications, quality, service and other circumstances, accurate procurement can reduce the purchase price, reduce inventory, reduce costs of various expenses, so that enterprises get greater profits and improve their competitiveness. Procurement activities are affected by many factors, there is a specific relationship between them, any one factor is not handled properly, may affect the economic efficiency.
Purchasing decision-making procedures / Purchasing decision editing
Procurement decision-making related to the quality of procurement, is a complex work, must be carried out in accordance with certain procedures, the basic procedures are described below. (1) to determine the procurement objectives Based on the overall business objectives of enterprises to determine the procurement objectives of the enterprise. The overall goal of enterprise procurement is to achieve timely and accurate procurement, to meet the needs of business, reduce procurement costs and improve economic efficiency. Depending on the overall procurement objective, specific targets can be developed for the purchase, such as order volume goals, order time objectives, supplier goals, price targets, delivery goals, and so on. (2) the collection of relevant information and information is the basis for procurement decisions, the reliability of information to determine the correctness of procurement decisions. Information is divided into external and internal information by source. * 1) External information includes the following: o Macro legal and economic policies. O Information about the source. O Scientific and technical information. O Transport information. O Peers with the same requirements. Peer where the purchase price of the whether there is more economical whether the joint purchase to reduce the purchase price. * 2) In-house information includes the following: o Material demand. According to the sales plan, production planning to develop demand planning, combined with inventory, develop procurement plans. O Stock condition. Such as how the enterprise inventory capacity, the number of inventory costs, the existing stock of goods. O Financial information. Such as whether there is sufficient procurement funds, procurement funds turnover rate and raise the situation. O the situation of the enterprise procurement team. Including the procurement staff's professionalism, overall quality, spirit of cooperation. (3) to develop the feasibility of achieving the objectives of the program (4) choose a satisfactory solution for the above programs, comprehensive analysis, select the satisfactory program. The choice of the program is a process of analyzing and evaluating various feasible schemes. The specific evaluation criteria vary from enterprise to enterprise and from external environment. Actual work, even if the market must be, different types of enterprises will be based on their own conditions, the use of different criteria. Satisfied with the program is not necessarily the most profitable program, but the most beneficial to the enterprise, the most viable option. Purchasing decisions are made in many ways, including the choice of suppliers, the choice of procurement channels, the variety of goods purchased, the choice of specifications and quality. Different decision-making content such as procurement timing, procurement volume, purchase price and other decision-making, there are different decision-making methods. There are many methods of purchasing decision-making, there are quantitative decision-making method, there are qualitative decision-making methods. There are procurement personnel estimation method, the expectations of the decision-making method, the manager's opinion, mathematical model and direct observation method. Purchasing Staff Estimation. This approach is to convene a number of procurement experience more abundant procurement staff to solicit their views on a decision-making issues, and then their views together to form decision-making results. 2) Expectation decision method. This approach is based on historical data to make decisions. 3) Manager's Opinion Law. This approach first seek the views of department managers, and then make decisions. If the enterprise to choose the right suppliers, managers can use the views of law. * Specific steps are: o seek procurement, production, technology, sales, finance and other departments of managers, managers of their own standards to give different ratings. O Summarize, eliminate part of the supplier by score. O Let managers rate the rest of the suppliers. O After several iterations until the appropriate supplier is selected. This method requires repeated, time-consuming, poor feasibility. 4) mathematical model method. If the enterprise in order to achieve the purpose of purchasing the lowest total cost of storage, you must use the economic bulk model to calculate the optimal purchase lot. It is worth noting that the use of mathematical models must pay attention to the use of conditions. 5) direct observation method. Decision-makers in the procurement department in the decision-making on simple issues, according to a certain standard or by key procurement standards, out of compliance with the standard program, the program conforms to the pros and cons of the order and feasibility of the arrangement, choose satisfactory. In short, according to the characteristics of decision-making problems, choose a method or a combination of several methods, can improve the accuracy of procurement decisions, reduce procurement risk. (5) implementation and feedback With the procurement objectives and satisfaction with the procurement program, but also the development of specific implementation details to enable the procurement program to be implemented. At the same time, should also pay attention to collect, sort out the program in the implementation process of new situations and new problems, make the necessary adjustments to ensure the procurement objectives. Finally, the implementation of the procurement program to check and analysis. In the implementation and feedback process, the actual implementation should be compared with the original decision-making objectives.
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