Suri Empire

The coin coined by Sher Shah Suri, (on the left side) is written in a form of Arabic-Persian script and Devanagari: 'Sultan Sher Shah' The 'Lal Darwaja' next to Delhi's old fortress, also called 'Suri Gate'

Suri Empire (Pashto: د سوریانو ټولواکمني, the Suriyano Tolvakman E) was an empire founded by the Sher Shah Suri of the Pashtun breed in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent which lasted from 1540 to 1557. During this period, the Suri family ousted the Mughal Sultanate from Babar, and forced it to seek asylum in Iran. Sher Shah defeated another Mughal emperor Humayun in the battle of Chausa (near Patna) on 26 June 1539 and then on 17 May 1540 in the battle of Bilgram. The Suri empire was wide from Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa in the north-east to Bengal in the east.

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Sher Shah, the founder of the Sur Dynasty, was from Sur tribe of Afghans. It was a small and deprived caste of 'Roh' (the original place of Afghans). Sher Shah's grandfather, Ibrahim Sur, came to India in 1542 AD and served in the forces of Hiramkhan Sur and Jamalakhan. Hassan Sur who was the father of Farid (later known as Sher Shah), succeeded in obtaining the position of 500 rider and the sign of Sahasram in the service of Jamal Khan. Sher Shah succeeded his successor after the death of his father, and he remained on it till the fall of the Lodi Empire (1526 AD). After this he gradually progressed. By ending the Lohani rule in South Bihar, he strengthened his power. He succeeded in conquering Bengal and in 1540 AD he also dispersed the Mughals from India. Along with his ruling, the Afghan empire spread all over. He added more than twice the expansion by adding Bengal, Malwa, Western Rajputana, Multan and Northern Sindh to the first Afghan (Lodi) empire.

Jalal Khanna, the second son of Sher Shah, was his successor. It was governed by the title of Islamist in 1545 AD. Islamism ruled 9 years (1545-1554 AD). During his reign, he had to always engage in suppressing the revolts of the Sher Shah Yugaon Samantas. He followed all the policies of his father in state affairs and also worked as amended and reformed as required. Islam's younger son Firoz became his successor, but Mubariz Khan, who was the son of Sher Shah's younger brother Nizam Khan, murdered him.

Mubariz Khan Sultan sitting on the throne with the title of Adil Shah. With the killing of fierce, the feud of Sher Shah and Islamism got excited and he lifted his weapon against Mubariz Khan. All powerful leaders of the barriages declared themselves independent and started fighting each other for dominance. This growing chaos caused the fall of the Afghan empire and the re-establishment of Mughal rule.

This feature of the Sū empire was that during his short life, significant progress was made in political, social, cultural and economic areas, but his reorganized administrative institutions continued in the era of Mughals and British times.

Sher Shah formed administrative reforms and regulations based on the policies of Alauddin Khilji, but he gave place to human rights in his policies rather than Khalji's ruthless behavior towards executives. Often, the activities of the feudalists in all the towns were appointed to inform the emperor. In cases of crime, if the actual culprits were not caught, the administrative officers in that area were held liable.

Sher Shah had fixed three rates, in which one third of all the state's produce was taken in the treasury. These rates were made according to the fertile power of the land. According to the different fertility of the land, by adding one per bighse to the yield of 'good', 'bad' and 'middle class', one-third of its portion was recovered as revenue, the revenues were recovered in the amount according to the market price. It used to be a lot of revenue workers and farmers. This method continued with the death of Islamism.

Farmers were also given financial assistance for cutting forests and making cultivable land. It is known from available evidence that after the victory of Sher Shah's Malwa, the valley was used for agriculture by settling the farmers in Narmada valley. Sher Shah gave advance loans to those farmers and forgave marginalization for three years. Life's economic development was also rewarded by the extensive construction of roads and side-by-side surveys.

In the military organization, necessary improvements and changes were also made. Earlier, the Samantas used to present horse-drawn horses and civilians at the time of military demonstrations. To overcome this forgery, the method of staining horses and preparing descriptions of riders was started. End of empire

Sher Shah Suri died on May 22, 1545. He took over the reins since 17th May, 1540 (the Battle of Bilgram) and remained Sultan till his death. Islam Shah Suri ruled from 26 May 1545 to 22 November 1553 after him. After this, there was a continuation of the sultans of the Suri family who ruled the moon for months. Humayun came back from Iran and succeeded in capturing India and defeated the last Suri Sultan Adil Shah Suri and his sahaslar Hemu. Suri Empire ended.

Although the Suri empire lasted only 17 years, in this period many administrative and economic development was brought in the Indian subcontinent. Sher Shah Suri is often not considered foreign to Indian history. In their rule, mutual brotherhood and social unity increased among Hindus and Muslims. Development works like Grand Trunk Road were emphasized The empire was divided into 47 administrative parts (called the 'government') and the sub-sections 'Paragana' were made in front of them. Local administration was strengthened. In the days to come, the Mughals and the governments of the British Raj kept their stamping on many achievements of Sher Shah and continued them. He also named the currency of India as 'Rupee'. List of Suri Sultans

The list of rulers of Sur Dynasty is as follows: Also see them

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